How to analyse CNC lathes turning parts machining technology
How to analyse CNC lathes turning parts machining technology.
Processing analysis is the preliminary process preparation work of CNC turning, the process is reasonable or not, It has important influence on the programming, the machining efficiency of machine tool and the machining accuracy of parts.
In order to compile a reasonable and practical machining program, the programmer is required not only to understand the working principle, performance characteristics and structure of CNC lathes. Master programming language and programming format, but also should master the workpiece processing technology, determine the reasonable cutting amount, the correct selection of tools and workpiece clamping method, as a result, We should follow the general process principles and combine the characteristics of CNC lathes to analyze the CNC turning process carefully and in detail. Its main contents are: according to the parts drawing to analysis processing requirements and rationality; confirm the clamping mode of the workpiece on the CNC lathe.The machining sequence of each surface, the feed route of the tool and the selection of the tool, fixture and cutting quantity.
（一）Analyse parts drawing.
Part drawing analysis is the primary task of CNC turning process, It mainly carries on dimension annotation method analysis, contour geometry element analysis and precision and technical requirement analysis. In addition, the rationality of parts structure and processing requirements should be analyzed, and the process datum should be selected.
1. Analysis of dimensioning method
The dimensioning method on the part drawing should adapt to the machining characteristics of CNC lathes, dimensioning with the same datum or giving the coordinate dimension directly. This labeling method is not only convenient for programming, but also beneficial to the unification of design datum, process datum, measurement datum and programming origin. If there is no uniform design datum for the dimensions in each direction of the part drawing, a uniform process datum can be selected without affecting the accuracy of the part. Computationally transform each dimension to simplify programming calculations.
2. Analysis of contour geometry elements
When programming by hand, each node coordinate is calculated. All geometric elements of the contour of the part should be defined during automatic programming. Therefore, in the analysis of parts drawing, it is necessary to analyze whether the given conditions of geometric elements are sufficient.
(二）clamping and tool selection
1. Workpiece clamping and positioning
CNC turning as far as possible after a clamping can be processed all or most of the generation of processing surface, as far as possible to reduce clamping times, in order to improve processing efficiency, ensure processing accuracy. For shaft parts, usually the parts of their own cylindrical surface for positioning reference; For sleeve parts, the inner hole is the positioning reference.
CNC lathe clamping in addition to the use of general three jaw automatic centering chuck, four jaw chuck, hydraulic, electric and pneumatic jig, there are a variety of universal special clamping.
2. Select the cutting tool
In addition to the tool material, the service life of the tool also has a great relationship with the diameter of the tool. The larger the diameter of the tool, the greater the amount of cutting it can withstand. Therefore, it is an effective measure to extend tool life and improve productivity to use the tool diameter as large as possible under the condition that the part shape allows. The tools commonly used in CNC turning are generally divided into three categories. Namely, pointed turning tool, circular arc turning tool and forming turning tool.
(三）Divide the process
1.Principle of preserving accuracy
The process is generally required to concentrate as much as possible, and the rough and finish are usually completed in a single clip.
In order to reduce the influence of thermal deformation and cutting force deformation on the workpiece's shape, position accuracy, dimensional accuracy and surface roughness, rough and finish machining should be separated.
2. Principle of improving production efficiency
In order to reduce the number of tool change, save the time of tool change, improve production efficiency, should need to use the same knife processing parts are completed, then change another knife to process other parts, at the same time should try to reduce the empty stroke.
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